"International Journal of Geography, Geology and Environment"

Author(s): Prashant Uttamrao Terker

Abstract: The lava stratigraphy of the Deccan Basalt Flows in the Sautada Ghat section of the Beed District, Marathwada Region, provides critical insights into the volcanic history, eruption dynamics, and post-emplacement modifications of one of the world's largest flood basalt provinces. This study examines the stratigraphic classification of lava flows, including pahoehoe, aa, compound, and simple flows, along with their textural, mineralogical, and geochemical variations. The identification of vesicular, amygdaloidal, and massive basalts, coupled with structural features such as flow breccias, joints, and fractures, highlights the complex cooling and solidification processes of Deccan volcanism. The presence of red bole horizons and inter-trappean layers provides evidence of intermittent climatic shifts and weathering episodes between successive lava flows. Additionally, fossil evidence from inter-trappean beds indicates significant paleoenvironmental and biological interactions before the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction event. The study further explores the hydrogeological significance of basalt flows in terms of permeability, porosity, and groundwater potential, particularly in the drought-prone Marathwada region. Understanding the stratigraphy of the Sautada Ghat section allows for better regional correlation of lava sequences and contributes to discussions on the duration and episodic nature of Deccan eruptions. This research enhances geological mapping efforts and provides valuable data for resource management, environmental assessment, and broader interpretations of Deccan volcanism.

DOI: 10.22271/27067483.2023.v5.i1a.341

Pages: 97-103 | Views: 86 | Downloads: 41

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