"International Journal of Geography, Geology and Environment"

Author(s): Pankaj Kanwar and Surender Choudhary

Abstract: Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy, especially in semi-arid regions where water availability plays a critical role in determining crop productivity. Efficient irrigation is essential for enhancing yields, conserving water, and ensuring food security. Among modern techniques, sprinkler irrigation has emerged as a viable solution to increase water-use efficiency and agricultural output. This study investigates the spatio-temporal impact of sprinkler irrigation on agricultural productivity in Sikar district, Rajasthan, over a ten-year period (2014-2024). The region faces challenges like erratic rainfall and declining groundwater levels, prompting a shift from traditional flood irrigation to sprinkler systems. Using secondary data from the District Statistical Outline of Sikar, the study analyzes the relationship between area under sprinkler irrigation and crop productivity, including food crops, pulses, oilseeds, and overall yield. Statistical tools such as Pearson correlation, scatter plots, and linear regression were employed to quantify this relationship. Results show a steady increase in sprinkler-irrigated area from 242,265 ha in 2014-15 to 259,736 ha in 2023-24, accompanied by significant gains in productivity—particularly in oilseeds, which rose from 914.73 kg/ha to 1,425.01 kg/ha. Strong and statistically significant correlations were found between irrigation coverage and crop productivity, with the highest for food crops (r = 0.862, p< 0.01). Regression analysis further revealed that 66.29% of the variation in overall productivity can be explained by sprinkler irrigation expansion. The findings emphasize the role of modern irrigation in improving productivity in water-scarce regions and recommend broader adoption for sustainable agricultural growth.

Pages: 34-38 | Views: 86 | Downloads: 43

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